Abstract:
Hereditary cerebellar ataxias manifest themselves both clinically and genetically as
extremely heterogeneous movement disorders. The disorders of balance and movement
coordination that characterize these diseases are caused by a progressive degeneration of
cerebellar Purkinje cells. Optic atrophy, retinitis pigmentosa, cognitive impairment,
epileptic seizures and peripheral neuropathies are some of the other symptoms that can
occur in connection with cerebellar ataxia.
To date, variants are known in 251 genes that can cause autosomal dominant, autosomal
recessive, X-linked and mitochondrial forms of cerebellar ataxia. Despite this high
number, about 50% of patients with ataxic symptoms do not have a genetically confirmed
diagnosis.
The identification of the disease-causing genes is essential for the development of
standardized, comprehensive and cost-effective genetic tests. On the other hand, it also
forms the basis for therapy-orientated research and the development of effective and
targeted therapies.
In this work, I am focusing on autosomal recessive inherited ataxias. I identified possible
disease-causing gene alterations in silico and confirmed them by PCR and subsequent
Sanger sequencing. In the cohort, which consists of 103 families, variants in known
ataxia-causing genes were detected in 6 families. A synonymous variant in the MTPAP
gene was classified as non-disease-causing by further investigation at the protein level.
In addition, I identified the GPAA1 gene as a new ataxia-causing gene in 2 other families.
A thorough functional investigation of newly discovered disease-causing genes and
variants is being conducted separately from this project.